1.
BNL Meteorology Group
This site offers up to the minute weather information from Brookhaven National Laboratory. Included on the site are the Lab's climatological databases.
2. Complete Sun and Moon Data for One Day
The US Naval Observatory can provide the times of sunrise, sunset, moonrise, moonset, transits of the sun and moon, and the beginning and end of civil twilight, along with information on the moon's phase by specifying the date and location.
3. National Climatic Data Center
This is the online database for the World Data Center for Meteorology. Search by weather station and data type-- satellite, radar or climate databases.
4. The Weather Underground
This site allows you to specify the type of weather map information you are seeking, whether it is wind, humidity, temperature, or a host of other choices. Information is available on both US and international weather. Look here for links to Nexrad radar information. To access historical information search for a local forecast by zip code or place and then arrow down to "Historical Conditions." Data goes back to 1994.